What is the central theme of 800-27?

The correct answer highlights that the central theme of NIST Special Publication 800-27 is focused on Security Engineering. This document provides guidance for integrating security into the system engineering process, ensuring that security considerations are embedded throughout the entire lifecycle of information systems. It emphasizes the principles and methodologies that should be applied to design and implement secure systems, making it a foundational resource for security professionals who are involved in the development and management of secure systems.

In the context of a Chief Information Security Officer's responsibilities, understanding security engineering is crucial, as it shapes how security controls are designed, assessed, and integrated into an organization’s infrastructure. This not only helps in meeting compliance and regulatory requirements but also enhances the overall security posture.

The other options pertain to important aspects of information security but do not capture the primary focus of NIST 800-27. Risk management frameworks are about evaluating and managing risks rather than the specific engineering approaches to security. Performance evaluation deals with assessing the effectiveness of security measures in place but lacks the engineering approach. Data protection regulations involve legal compliance relating to data handling rather than the technical aspects of secure system design and architecture.