What are some common types of cyber threats?

Prepare for the EC-Council CCISO Exam. Master key security concepts with flashcards and multiple choice questions, each with hints and explanations. Elevate your cybersecurity career!

The correct choice identifies common types of cyber threats that organizations face today. Phishing involves deceptive communication aimed at tricking individuals into revealing sensitive information, like usernames and passwords. Malware refers to malicious software designed to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems. Ransomware is a specific type of malware that encrypts a victim's data, with the attacker demanding a ransom for decryption keys. Denial-of-service (DoS) attacks aim to make a service unavailable to its intended users, often overwhelming systems with traffic.

Each of these threats represents a direct risk to information security, impacting data integrity, confidentiality, and availability. Recognizing and understanding these threats is fundamental for individuals and organizations to develop robust cybersecurity strategies and mitigate risks effectively.

The other options include security measures and practices rather than threats themselves. For example, data backups and firewalls are protective technologies that help defend against these threats, while security audits and encryption are methods used to improve security posture. Employee training and security policies are important for promoting awareness and compliance, but they do not directly represent the threats that need to be addressed.

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